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euclid
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Euclid, 330(?)B.C.-260(?)B.C. 62 級 徐莉芳 繪
Euclid(約 330 B.C.~260 B.C.),希臘數學家,《原本》的編著者,其公理化的呈現方式,深深影響了數學的發展。
Euclid 在《原本》中,便用五種邏輯用法,從五個公理推演出 465 個定理,內容含蓋我們熟知的平面幾何,此外還討論了幾何式代數、比例論、數論及立體幾何。後人呈現數學大多師法這種公理化的方法。
由於讀書人大都研習幾何學,《原本》就成為歷來版本最多、行銷最廣、最具影響力的教科書。利瑪竇與徐光啟就是把前六卷譯成中文的《幾何原本》。
除了《原本》,Euclid 還寫過大約一打的書本,內容遍及光學、天文、音樂、錐線等領域。與其名氣正好相反,Euclid 的生平卻隱沒不詳,惟一可以確定的事,他在亞歷山大城著書立說,傳道授業,而以「亞歷山大的 Euclid」聞名。
【撰稿:曹亮吉。感謝台大數學系《數學知識》網站同意轉載】
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